Slay the North Dakota Cosmetology Exam 2026 – Get Stylish, Get Certified!

The main ingredient found in relaxers is sodium hydroxide or ammonium thioglycolate. These substances effectively break down the protein structure of the hair, allowing it to be straightened and reshaped. Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali that works by breaking the disulfide bonds in the hair, which are responsible for its natural curl or wave. It is commonly used in formulations aimed at achieving a smooth and straight hair texture.

Ammonium thioglycolate, on the other hand, is a milder alternative often used in formulations targeting softer and more manageable curls. It also breaks down disulfide bonds but does so in a way that can be less damaging than sodium hydroxide, making it a popular choice for clients seeking a less intensive chemical process.

The other substances listed have different uses in hair care but are not the main active ingredients in hair relaxers. Hydrogen peroxide is typically used in hair bleaching and coloring processes, cream of tartar is used as a stabilizing agent in certain formulations, and glycerin is a humectant used to retain moisture but does not serve the purpose of relaxing hair. Thus, sodium hydroxide or ammonium thioglycolate are vital for transforming the hair structure during the relaxing process